Kidney Diseases

Some kidney diseases can be treated. But when a child reaches or will soon reach kidney failure (also called end-stage renal disease or ESRD), kidney transplant is the treatment of choice.

Learn more about kidney failure.

Kidney Diseases That Can Lead to Kidney Failure

• Obstructive and reflux nephropathy
  • Posterior urethral valves
  • Vesicoureteral reflux
  • Eagle–Barrett (prune belly) syndrome
   
• Dysplasia
  • Aplasia
  • Hypoplasia
  • Multicystic dysplasia
   
• Glomerulonephritis
  • Idiopathic and postinfectious crescentic
  • Membranous
  • Mesangioproliferative
  • IgA nephropathy
  • Anti-glomerular basement membrane
  • Focal glomerulosclerosis
  • Henoch–Schonlein purpura nephritis
  • Hemolytic uremic syndrome
   
• Hereditary
  • Polycystic kidneys
  • Nephronophthisis (medullary cystic kidney disease)
  • Nephritis (including Alport syndrome)
  • Tuberous sclerosis
  • Congenital nephrotic syndrome
  • Cystinosis
  • Primary hyperoxaluria
   
• Autoimmune diseases
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Wegener's granulomatosis
  • Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease
   
• Tumors
  • Wilms tumor
  • Renal cell carcinoma
   
• Other
  • Neonatal cortical necrosis
  • Diabetic nephropathy
  • Chronic pyelonephritis